ATELIER YINPRESSION
This page explains various typefaces.
modern, by Ying
The term "uncial" is believed to mean "inch". One theory suggests it was named this way because the script was typically about one inch in height (2.54 cm), though there are not many manuscripts that confirm this size. The exact origin of the name remains unclear. Uncial is a rounded script that developed in North Africa between the 2nd and 3rd centuries and is thought to have been influenced by Greek script. The script plays an important role in the history of calligraphy. Many important texts have been passed down in this writing.
*The Prologue of Saint Jerome to the Book of Job
habeant qui volunt veteres libros, vel in membranis purpuris auro argento que descriptos, vel uncialibus, ut vulgo aiunt, litteris
uncial
This script requires precise pen control, as the nib maintains a 0 ° angle. Although it superficially resembles square capitals, it is actually a variation of uncial script, which means that many of the letters are rounded. Especially the 'M'.
the Ceolfrid Bible
artifical uncial
Italic is characterised by a slight rightward tilt, a result of being written quickly. Additionally, there is a non-slanted italic version that is more suitable for formal writing. It became prevalent in the Chancellery of Italy and is commonly referred to as 'chancery'. There are many variations, and it spread throughout Europe. It is also noted that Queen Elizabeth I of England was learning about this script.
modern, by Ying
italic
The Carolingian minuscule was developed during the time of Charlemagne. The various regional scripts that emerged, such as Insular minuscule and Merovingian, were often challenging to read. As a result, it was designed to produce a more readable script. This minuscule was the first script to be widely used in Western Europe after the collapse of the Western Roman Empire. It continued to be used for a long time afterwards, greatly influencing later generations, including humanists and foundational hand.
TheMoutiers-Grandval Bible f. 7v
caroline minuscule/
carolingian
References
Patricia Lovett, The Art and History of Calligraphy, The British Library, 2017
Julien Chazal, Calligraphie-le Guide complet, Groupe Eyrolles, 2012